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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTCE.

WILLIAM E. CORNELL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

v .PLANING-MACHINE FOR DRESSING THE EDGES 0F BOARDS.

Specication of Letters Patent No. 7,868, dated January 1, 1851.

To all" whom 2i may' concern Bei-it known that! I, WM. E. CORNELL, of Boston, infthe county of Sudolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Planing and EdgingA or J'ointing or Tonguing and Grooving Planks'or Boards. of a Tapering F orm'- in Breadtfh,.of which the. following is a. full,` clear, and exact. description, reference being hadf. toy the accompanying drawings, making part of this speccation, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation or' the machine; F ig.. 2, a section representing the mode"I of. gearing the: feed rollers; Fig. 3 a plan of the same; Fig. 4, a longitudinal verticalsectiong. Fig; 5, a crossvertical section, and@` Fig. 6 a plan view of the reversing motion.

rEhe'same lettersindicate like parts in all the? gures.

The: first `part relates to' the method of gearingithe top and bottom feed rollers so that they shall move.l together and? remain in gear to whatever extent they may be separated by vanyingxthicknes'ses `of planks and this part o'my invention.- consists in communicating motion fromv one roller to the' other by meansot a cog;pinion on the arbor of each connected` by acog. wheel with an outer and inner range. ofcogs, the inner range engag,n ing: the cogs of thegpinion on the arbor of the:` lower roller, and the outer range engagingrthe cogs of thepinion on the arbor of ther-upper roller; the arbor of the cog wheel being hungconnected by a link or links with the arbor of the lower roller, and by another link. orflinks with the arbor of the upper roller, .sot-hat as #the rollers are drawn nearer together or separated, the cog wheel will by; reason of these links vibrate between the two pinions and remain in gear with them.

The-second part of my invention relates tothemethodof operating one of the cutter wheels for. either edging or tonguingv or grooving the tapering edge of planks, and this partiof. my invention consists 1n operatingthemachinery which causes thecutter wheela graduallyto approach toward or recede from theline of `motion off the plank by the. passage. of the plank over and in contact with-one or more cog or spur wheels, so-that this motionshall be received from and correspond with the motion of the plank, and this part of my invention also consists in interposing at some point in the gearing between the wheel or wheels oper ated by the plank and the sliding frame or carriage which carries the cutter wheel, a reversing gear for the purpose of setting the machine to workfrom the narrow to`- ward the wide end or from the wide toward the narrow end, and if suspended will edge the plank parallel to the other edge.

In the accompanying drawings (a) repreA sents the frame of a planingv machine such as are in general use. The planing part is omitted as it makes no part ot' my invention.

The plank to be planed passes as usual over the bed (b) and between pairs of feed rollers (c, (L) and (c, d), the lower rollers of each pair running in fixed bearings and the upper ones. in` sliding boxes to be borne down by weighted levers or other analogous means in the usual manner that it may adapt itself to the varying thickness of planks.

. The two rear rollers have each a pinion (e) on one end of their arbors outside the frame. The pinion of the lower` or permanent roller engages a range of cogs (f,)

made on the inner periphery of a ring (g) attached to the inner face of a wheel (la) which has its bearings in oneend of two links (i, z',) connected together at their other end by a brace bolt (j), and t-he inner one of these two links is hung and is free to vibrate on the arbor of thel lower roller, so that however the wheel (L,) with its ring of cogs may vibrate the inner range of cogs will always engage the pinion on the lower roller. The ring (9,) has another range of cogs on its outer periphery which-l engage thecogs of the pinion on the upper' roller, and to keep these also in gear thearborsv of the two are connected together by two links (7c, 1c) which admit of any extent of vibration without any change in the distance ot' their axes. In this way it will be seen that however the two rollers may separate from and approach toward each other the cogs will always be at their proper pitch line.

1n appropriate recesses in the bed' `(b) of the machine there are two spur wheels (Z, Z,) properly hung on journals so'that their cogs project suiiiciently above the upper surface of the bed to be acted upon and turned by the motions of the plank when pressed down and carried through the machine. These two wheels engage a cog wheel (m) that turns on a stud pin (n) and which carries a spur wheel (0) around which passes a chain (12,) lextending' to and passing around a corresponding wheel on a shaft (q,) which carries a pinion (r.) This pinion engages another' pinion hung in a lever (t) which turns on a shaft as a fulcrulu and this shaft also'carries a cog wheel (fu) which derives motion from the pinion (8,). The lever (t) has an arm (w) which when held up by a spur on a shaft (y) throws up the pinion (s) to put it in gear with the pinion (r), and 'when the spur is down throws them out of gear, so that by the turning of the shaft which carries the spur the mechanism can be thrown in and out of gear. The shaft (y/,) for this purpose carries an index wheel (e) to enable the attendant to do this. rl`he shaft (u) of the wheel (o) passes through to the outside of the frame and there carries a pinion (a) which engages two other pinions (12) b) of the saine diameter with their arbors fitted to turn in the ends of a rocking lever (c) which rocks on the end of the shaft (u)7 so that in whatever position this lever may be the two pinions (2) will always be turned in the same direction by the shaft.

The arbor of each of the pinions (6 carries a worm or screw (cZ) one with a right and the other with a left handed thread, so that by means of a hand lever (e) the rocking lever (c) can be shifted to engage either of the two worms (CZ) with one of two cog-wheels (f f) on a line shaft (g) which at one end carries a band wheel (/L) around which passes a band or chain which in turn passes around a pulley (j) near the other side of the frame. This band or chain is attached to a frame or carriage (c) which slides in appropriate ways (Z Z) arranged transversely across the frame, and in which is hung the shaft (m) of the cutter wheel (n) which may be of any desired construction for working on the edge of the plank, either to face, tongue, groove or mold it as may be necessary. )Vhen the rocking lever is in a horizontal position, neit-her of the worms are in gear with the cog-wheels (f f) so that no motion will then be communicated to the sliding carriage of the cutter wheel and its position may then be adjusted by hand to the breadth of board by an index wheel (0) on the outer end of the line shaft (g).

)When the position of the cutter wheel is determined, the attendant puts in gear one of the worms with its appropriate cog wheel on the line shaft and also turns up the spur to put in gear the pinions (s, '13) and wheel and as the plank passes over the spur wheels (Z, Z,) turning them, they communicate the requisite motion to the carriage of the cutter wheel by the connections described to cause it (the cutter wheel) gradually to approach the line of motion of the plank to taper that edge of the plank on which it acts; but if the plank be put in with the narrowest end foremost, then the attendant must reverse the motion of the gearing by shifting the rock lever to put in gear the other worm with its corresponding cog wheel, which will cause the cutter wheel gradually to recede from. the line of motion of the plank and if it be desired to edge the plank partly tapering and partly parallel, the attendant can effect this by having the machinery all in gear during the time the tapering part is passing and then disconnecting the machinery either by turning down the spur (a3) which will break the connection between the pinions (r, 8,) or by turning the rocking lever (c) in a horizontal position which disconnects the two worms from the wheels on the line shaft and then the cutter wheel will continue in the same position and edge the rest of the plank in a line parallel with its line of motion.

It will be obvious to the mechanician that instead of communicating the sliding motion to the cutter wheel carriage by means of a band or chain, this may be done by other equivalent mechanical means such as a rack and pinion or a cam and counter weight or spring, and itwill also be evident that various changes within the range of my inventi-on may be made in the connecting mechanism for communicating the required m0 tions from the spur wheels acted upon by the plank and the cutter wheel carriage. I do not wish therefore to be understood as confining myself to the precise arrangement of parts herein specified, but to claim the principle irrespective of the special arrange-` ment of parts for carrying that principle into operation.

What I claim therefore as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. The method substantially as described of communicating motion from the bottom tothe top roller by the two pinions combined with the wheel having the inner and outer rim of cogs, by means of thejoint links substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

2. I also claim operating the machinery for carrying the cutter wheel toward or from the line of motion of the plank by the passage of the plank over and in Contact with a spur wheel or wheels, substantially as described, whereby the motion of the cutter wheel for edging tapering planks will be made to correspond with the motion of the plank itself as described.

p 3. I also claim interposing between the Wheel o1` wheels actuated by the plank and the carriage of the cutter Wheel, afreversing motion substantially as described, by means of which the machine can be made to act on the plank from the narrow toward the Wide end, or vice Versa, or by suspending its operation edge the plank with parallel sides 10 as described.

WILLIAM E. CORNELL.

In presence of* RIGHD. H. DANA, J r., T. W. BAXTER. 

